Pests are more than just an annoyance; they can negatively impact the indoor air quality in your home, which can affect your health. From cockroaches to rodents, common household pests contribute to allergens and contaminants that worsen indoor air quality and exacerbate respiratory issues like asthma and allergies. Fortunately, integrated pest management (IPM) offers a simple, environmentally friendly strategy to help you handle pests effectively without compromising the air you breathe.
What Is Integrated Pest Management?
Integrated Pest Management is a sustainable approach to pest control that focuses on prevention, monitoring and long-term solutions, instead of relying on chemical pesticides which are bad for both the environment and your lungs. IPM uses minimal and targeted chemical applications only as a last resort, alternatively minimizing pest populations and damage with a number of techniques that are safe for both people and the environment.
IPM works through a series of thoughtful, strategic steps:
- Inspection and Identification: Accurately identify pests and the extent of the problem so that you can determine the most effective control methods.
- Prevention: Once the pests are identified, focus on addressing the root causes of infestations. This includes eliminating food sources, sealing entry points, repairing leaks and managing waste.
- Monitor: Regular monitoring helps track pest activity over time, allowing for early intervention before problems get out of control.
- Apply Control Methods: If pests persist, first try non-chemical methods, such as traps. Only when all other methods fail should you consider targeted, low-toxicity pesticides which should be used sparingly and only in areas with active pests.
Another dangerous product for in-home use is diatomaceous earth, a naturally occurring powder made from the fossilized remains of algae. It is sometimes used as an insecticide because of it’s sharp microscopic particles damage the exoskeletons of insects, causing them to dehydrate and die. While it can be effective against various pests, including ants, fleas, cockroaches, and bedbugs, it can easily become airborne and breathed in, further irritating sensitive lung tissue.
Understanding Indoor Pests and Air Pollution
Many people don’t realize that common household pests can negatively impact indoor air quality. For instance, cockroaches, whose droppings, saliva and decomposing body parts can become airborne allergens. Studies have shown that exposure to cockroach allergens is a major contributor to asthma for individuals who live in urban areas. In fact, up to 80% of individuals with asthma are allergic to cockroaches. Similarly, rodents leave behind saliva, droppings and urine that become airborne can be are a major allergen for individuals with asthma and even carry hantavirus. In addition, rodents can introduce fleas and other parasites to your indoor environment if they are not dealt with immediately.
Keeping Pests Out While Maintaining Clean Air
By following IPM best practices, you don’t have to sacrifice air quality to keep pests out. Employ these practical tips to maintain a pest-free home while also ensuring the air remains clean and healthy:
- Seal Entry Points: Close up cracks and crevices around doors, windows, plumbing and electrical outlets. Install door sweeps and repair torn screens to keep pests out.
- Manage Moisture: Fix leaky pipes and use dehumidifiers in damp areas like basements and bathrooms. This is because dry areas are less inviting to pests.
- Reduce Clutter: Any piles of papers, boxes or clutter provide hiding places for pests. Keep your home tidy and minimize storage of unused materials.
- Vacuum and Dust Regularly: Use a vacuum with a HEPA filter to trap allergens and fine particles.
- Store Food Properly: Clean up any crumbs or spills right away and keep food in sealed containers. Take out the trash regularly and don’t let dishes pile up. Empty pet dishes at night.
- Ventilate: Use exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms to reduce humidity and improve air circulation. Open windows to let fresh air circulate.
- Use Natural Deterrents: Essential oils like peppermint, citronella and eucalyptus can repel pests naturally. Use diluted sprays in problem areas.
- Choose Low-Toxicity Pest Control: If chemical control is necessary, opt for baits and targeted treatments rather than sprays. Avoid foggers and chemical aerosols, which can linger in the air and harm indoor air quality.
Ultimately, a clean, well-maintained home is your best defense against both pests and indoor air pollution. Integrated Pest Management prioritizes long-term solutions over quick fixes, making your home healthier for you and your family. By addressing the conditions that attract pests and using control methods that minimize exposure to harmful chemicals, IPM not only keeps pests at bay but also protects the quality of your indoor air.
Blog last updated: June 5, 2025
